🌿 Comparative Phycoremediation Performance of Two Green Microalgal Strains Under Four Biomass Conditions for Industrial Wastewater Treatment


🌱 1. Introduction: The Green Revolution in Wastewater Treatment

In the quest for sustainable environmental management, phycoremediation — the use of microalgae to purify wastewater — has emerged as a nature-inspired innovation 🌍. Unlike chemical or mechanical treatments, this eco-friendly approach utilizes green microalgae as bio-filters, effectively removing toxic metals, nutrients, and organic pollutants from industrial wastewater 💧.


🧬 2. Selection of Microalgal Strains: Nature’s Microscopic Warriors

This study compares two potent green microalgal strains — each with unique metabolic abilities and growth patterns 🧫. The strains are selected for their high photosynthetic efficiency, rapid biomass production, and tolerance to industrial effluents. These biological powerhouses convert pollutants into valuable biomass, offering a zero-waste, cost-effective solution 🌾.


⚗️ 3. Experimental Setup: The Four Biomass Conditions

To understand the dynamics of phycoremediation, experiments were conducted under four distinct biomass conditions:
1️⃣ Live Biomass – Active pollutant uptake and oxygenation.
2️⃣ Dead Biomass – Adsorption of heavy metals via cell walls.
3️⃣ Immobilized Biomass – Enhanced stability and reusability.
4️⃣ Dried Biomass – Simplified handling and storage potential.
Each condition demonstrates how biomass state affects nutrient removal, COD reduction, and metal absorption efficiency ⚙️.


🌊 4. Results & Analysis: Nature’s Chemistry at Work

The comparative analysis revealed that live and immobilized biomass exhibited superior performance in removing nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals like lead and cadmium 💫. Dead and dried biomasses also showed potential in passive adsorption mechanisms, proving their utility in secondary treatment processes. The study highlights how environmental factors — light intensity, pH, and aeration — influence microalgal performance 🔬.


🌎 5. Conclusion: Towards a Sustainable Future

This research emphasizes the versatility and eco-efficiency of green microalgae as a biotechnological tool for industrial wastewater treatment 🌈. Through comparative evaluation, it establishes a foundation for scalable, low-cost, and renewable wastewater management systems that align with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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