Artificial Intelligence in Human–Robot Collaboration in the Construction Industry: A Scoping Review 🧠🤝🤖

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Human–Robot Collaboration (HRC) is transforming the construction world, where physically demanding jobs meet digital intelligence for faster, safer, and smarter outcomes. 🏗️✨ This scoping review explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) acts as the “brain” behind coordinated teamwork between humans and robots on real-time construction tasks.

1️⃣ Introduction to HRC in Construction 👷‍♂️🤖

Construction sites face high risks, labor shortages, and productivity issues. HRC bridges these gaps by combining:
✔ Human decision-making
✔ Robotic precision
✔ AI-driven automation
This synergy enables efficient operations from groundwork to finishing tasks.

2️⃣ AI-Enabled Robot Roles 🔧🦾

Robots powered by AI contribute through:

  • Autonomous Navigation 🚧
    Robots move through dynamic sites without collisions.

  • Inspection & Monitoring 📡
    Drones and mobile bots detect cracks, weakness & hazards.

  • Heavy Material Handling 🧱
    Reduces workforce injuries and boosts speed.

  • 3D Printing Constructions 🖨️🏠
    On-site robotic printing revolutionizes productivity.

3️⃣ Human Safety & Collaboration Strategies 🦺❤️

AI boosts safe teamwork through:

  • Proximity Detection ⚠️
    Sensors alert both worker & robot of risky closeness.

  • Wearable Intelligence ⌚
    Smart helmets and vests track worker health & fatigue.

  • Behavior Prediction Models 🔮
    AI anticipates worker movement to avoid accidents.

Result = A safer environment with reduced onsite fatalities.

4️⃣ Real-Time Communication in HRC 🔄🗣️

AI enables flawless communication between humans and robots using:

  • Natural language processing (voice commands) 🎙️

  • Gesture recognition 👋

  • Augmented Reality interfaces 🔍🏗️

Workers guide robots naturally without programming expertise.

5️⃣ Data, Digital Twins & Smart Decision Making 📊🧩

Construction sites generate massive data. AI converts them into insights:

  • Digital Twin Technology 🏙️
    Virtual models support futuristic planning and maintenance

  • Predictive Analytics 📈
    Forecast delays, failure points & resource needs

  • Quality Assurance 🔍
    Instant defect detection ensures stronger structures

6️⃣ Future Challenges & Opportunities 🚀🌍

Although promising, HRC faces:
⚡ High implementation costs
⚡ Ethical challenges of job transformation
⚡ Need for skilled workforce training

Future research aims for fully adaptive, emotionally aware robots supporting human comfort and efficiency.

🌟 Conclusion

AI-powered Human–Robot Collaboration marks a revolutionary leap in construction industries — boosting productivity, precision, and workplace safety while enabling sustainable infrastructure growth worldwide 🏗️✨🤖
 

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