🌟 Graphitic Carbon Nitride–Decorated Cobalt Diselenide Composites for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

 


The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) is a cornerstone process in sustainable energy technologies, enabling the conversion of water into clean hydrogen fuel 🔋💧. Developing cost-effective, high-performance, and durable electrocatalysts is essential to replace precious metal catalysts like platinum. Transition-metal-based composites have emerged as promising alternatives due to their tunable electronic structures and abundant active sites.


🔹 2. Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C₃N₄): A Functional Support 🌿

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a metal-free, polymeric semiconductor known for its high nitrogen content, chemical stability, and layered structure.
Key advantages include:

  • Rich nitrogen sites for electron donation ⚛️

  • Large surface area enhancing catalyst dispersion

  • Excellent corrosion resistance under electrochemical conditions

These features make g-C₃N₄ an ideal support material for boosting catalytic activity.


🔹 3. Cobalt Diselenide (CoSe₂): An Active HER Catalyst ⚙️

Cobalt diselenide (CoSe₂) is a transition metal chalcogenide with remarkable intrinsic catalytic properties.
Notable characteristics:

  • Metallic conductivity for fast charge transfer ⚡

  • Multiple exposed active edges

  • Favorable hydrogen adsorption energy

However, CoSe₂ alone may suffer from aggregation and limited long-term stability, which can reduce its performance.


🔹 4. Synergistic Effect of g-C₃N₄/CoSe₂ Composites 🤝

Decorating CoSe₂ with g-C₃N₄ creates a synergistic composite that overcomes individual limitations. The intimate interfacial contact enhances electron mobility, while g-C₃N₄ prevents CoSe₂ particle agglomeration.
Performance enhancements include:

  • Lower overpotential

  • Reduced Tafel slope 📉

  • Improved durability and stability

The strong electronic interaction between g-C₃N₄ and CoSe₂ optimizes hydrogen adsorption and accelerates reaction kinetics.


🔹 5. Significance and Future Outlook 🚀

Graphitic carbon nitride–decorated cobalt diselenide composites represent a next-generation, noble-metal-free electrocatalyst for HER. Their scalable synthesis, excellent efficiency, and long-term stability position them as key materials for green hydrogen production. Future research can further optimize morphology, interface engineering, and multi-element doping to unlock even higher catalytic performance 🌱⚡.

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